xAPI — Experience API
The statement-based learning records standard that extends tracking beyond the LMS — mobile learning, simulations, serious games, real-world activities, and more.
History
To extend the concepts of SCORM to track performance data on emerging learning capabilities (e.g., mobile learning), DoDI 1322.26 was updated to allow a more capable standard called the Experience API, or xAPI. Unlike SCORM, xAPI can be used to track and share data from mobile learning, simulations, virtual worlds, serious games, real-world activities, wearable devices, experiential learning, social learning, offline learning, and more.
- 2011–2013 — Developed as IEEE P9274.1.1, building on the LETSI Federation’s 100+ white papers.
- 2013 — xAPI v1.0.1 released (October 2013).
- 2019 — xAPI v1.0.3 released, the most widely deployed version.
- 2024 — xAPI v2.0 released, adding JSON-LD, activity states, and modernized data structures.
LRS endpoints
An xAPI Learning Record Store (LRS) exposes six REST endpoints for reading and writing statements:
GET /statements— Query statements with a rich filter language (agent, verb, activity, registration, since/until, etc.).POST /statements— Create one or more statements.GET /statements/{id}— Retrieve a single statement by ID.PUT /statements/{id}— Update a statement (e.g., attach an annotation).DELETE /statements/{id}— Delete a statement.GET /activities/state/{id}— Read and write activity state (v2.0).
Specifications & resources
- xAPI v1.0.1 Specification (2013) PDF
- xAPI LRS Certification Program Recommendation PDF
- xAPI Conformance Testing Group Kickoff PDF
- Controlled Vocabulary Considerations for xAPI PDF
- DAU xAPI Content Module Analysis PDF
Ecosystem
xAPI Profiles define how xAPI is applied to specific domains. The ADL Initiative maintained guidance for profile servers and profile development:
- xAPI Profile Server Guide (VuePress site) HTML
- Total Learning Architecture Guide (VuePress site) HTML
- xAPI TLA DAVE Learning Analytics Algorithms PDF