DRAFT DOCUMENT NUMBER: DELS 002


Aviation Industry Metadata Description


Version 1.0

October 2006


THIS DOCUMENT IS CONTROLLED BY:


AICC Management and Processes Subcommittee

ALL REVISIONS SHALL BE APPROVED

BY THE ABOVE ORGANIZATION PRIOR TO RELEASE


POINT OF CONTACT:


Scott Bergstrom AICC Administrator

P.O. Box 472

Sugar City, ID 83448-0472

Caveats...

The data contained in this document has been collected by the AICC as an information resource for computer-based training programs. Neither the AICC nor any of its members assumes nor shall any of them have any responsibility for any use by anyone for any purpose of this document or of the data which it contains.

©2006 AICC

All rights reserved.

Telephone: (208) 496-1136 E-mail: admin@aicc.org



Prepared by:


William Shook, Boeing Jack Hyde, AICC

Neil Cramer, Northwest Airlines George Uhrich, VTN Technologies Guy Tourigny, IBM

Mike Medley, Cappella University Anne Montgomery, AICC Heather Katz, IDSI

Bernard Bouyt, Airbus


Approved by:                                                                 Date


Approved by:                                                                Neil Cramer Date

Northwest Airlines AICC Chairman


ABSTRACT


This document describes how to extend the IEEE Learning Object Metadata (LOM) Standard to include features which may be needed by the aviation and other communities.


The resulting data model and descriptive material constitute an AICC profile of the LOM.


KEY WORDS


AGR

AICC Recommendations Collections

Guidelines Learning Object LOM

Metadata Profile Obligations Reuse



The use of registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.


REVISION HISTORY

1.0 Initial Version – October 2006

Table of Contents

  1. INTRODUCTION 1

    1. Purpose 1

    2. Scope 1

    3. THIS DOCUMENT RELATIONSHIP TO LOM 2

    4. Conformance Requirements 2

      1. Metadata Instance 2

      2. Metadata Tools 2

  2. OBLIGATION 3

    1. Obligation Table 3

    2. Obligation Attributes 6

  3. DATA MODEL TABLE 8

  4. DATA ELEMENTS AND CATEGORIES 11

    1. General 11

      1. Identifier 11

      2. Title 13

      3. Language 13

      4. Description 13

      5. Keyword 14

      6. Coverage 14

      7. Structure 14

      8. Aggregation Level 15

      9. Accessibility 15

    2. Life Cycle 16

      1. Version 17

      2. Status 17

      3. Contribute 18

      4. Changes 20

    3. Meta Metadata 24

      1. Identifier 24

      2. Contribute 25

      3. Metadata Schema 27

      4. Language 27

    4. Technical 29

      1. Format 29

      2. Size 30

      3. Location 30

      4. Requirement 30

      5. Installation Remarks 33

      6. Other Platform Requirments 34

      7. Duration 34

    5. Educational 35

      1. Interactivity Type 35

      2. Learning Resource Type 36

      3. Interactivity Level 38

      4. Semantic Density 39

      5. Intended End User Role 40

      6. Context 41

      7. Typical Age Range 41

      8. Difficulty 41

      9. Typical Learning Time 42

      10. Description 43

      11. Language 44

      12. Adaptability 45

      13. Assessment Type 46

      14. Instructional Domain 48

      15. Competency Level 50

      16. Instructional Context. 51

      17. Instructional Events 52

      18. Instructional Feedback Level 54

      19. Instructional Strategy 55

      20. Learning Outcome Type 57

      21. Objectives 58

      22. Required Training Resources 63

      23. Training Event Reporting 64

    6. Rights 66

      1. Cost 66

      2. Copyright and Other Restrictions 67

      3. Description 67

    7. Relation 68

      1. Kind 68

      2. Resource 69

    8. Annotation 72

      1. Entity 72

      2. Date 72

      3. Description 73

    9. Classification 74

      1. Purpose 75

      2. Taxon Path 76

      3. Description 81

      4. Keyword 82

    10. Applicability 83

      1. Audience 83

      2. Aircraft Family 84

      3. Aircraft Name. 84

      4. Aircraft Identification 84

      5. ATA Identification 85

      6. Engine Type 85

      7. Units 85

      8. Aircraft Zone 85

      9. Flight Phase 86

      10. Effectivity 86

    11. Collection 86

      1. Type 87

      2. Members 88

  5. GLOSSARY 94

  6. BIBLIOGRAPHY 95

  7. DATA TYPES DEFINITIONS 95

Intentionally Blank

  1. Introduction

    This document describes a metadata system adapted to aviation industry training.


    A metadata system is a set of parameters associated with a learning object which enables a potential user to search for and evaluate that object. This information can also be used to track and organize the production process of the training courses.


    It also enables, by using adapted search engines, to save time and energy (money) for training content producers, by facilitating the reusability of already existing training objects either directly (e.g. a photo) or for producing new products from older ones (e.g. updating of an assignable unit).

    The learning objects which can have metadata associated with them may be of various granularity levels, from a simple photo to a big training program, but, in general, the smaller the objects, the higher the relative cost of creating metadata.


    This metadata specification for the aviation industry is presented (mapped) and numbered according to the IEEE Learning Object Metadata (LOM) categories and data elements. All categories and data elements added by the AICC appear after the LOM categories and elements.


    1. Purpose

      The purpose of applying Meta-data is to enable discoverability of an object and to provide descriptive information about the object as a whole.


      This profile is intended for general training needs and is non industry specific; however, it does include one additional category of elements targeted for the aviation industry.

      The target audience of this profile is the designers, creators, training organizations and users of training content. The purpose of AICC LOM profile is assist in describing objects to:

      • Facilitate search

      • Evaluate usability of an object

      • Provide information on how to acquire an object

      • Provide information on the use of a object

      • Facilitate informed decisions about the usability/applicability of an object

      • Facilitate the sharing and exchange of AICC objects by enabling the development of catalogs and inventories

      • Facilitate the maintenance of AICC objects


    2. Scope

      The intent of this document is to provide an AICC profile of the IEEE Standard for Learning Object Metadata (LOM) and is designed to be an extension to the LOM.


      This document provides additional elements and extended LOM vocabularies in the areas of Instructional Design specific terminology.


      This document facilitates the formation of a schema, but does not include one. Specific implementations of this metadata are outside the scope of this document.

    3. This Document Relationship to LOM

      This document contains a number of additions to the LOM. However, there is an attempt to make as few changes as possible. The result is that the LOM becomes a subset of the AICC profile For instance, when LOM vocabularies are expanded, the original LOM vocabularies are kept unchanged. In forming the vocabulary tokens for the AICC additions, general rules were adopted:

      All tokens would be lower case

      All tokens would be one word, with underscores if necessary (no white space).

      However, when LOM vocabulary tokens did not conform to the AICC general rules, the LOM vocabulary tokens were not changed.

      Most of the additional data elements appear in the following categories Life Cycle

      Educational Objectives

      Applicability (new category) Collection (new category)


      Additional data elements added by the AICC profile may be identified in one of two ways. First, the LOM data element number is identified as “none”, and second, frequently the element comment field indicates that the element is a unique AICC element.


    4. Conformance Requirements

      1. Metadata Instance

        A conforming metadata instance includes one or more of the metadata elements defined in this specification. A conforming instance may also contain extended elements. The names of elements in a conforming instance shall be the same as the names defined in this document.

        Additional data elements may appear in a conforming instance. These are referred to as extended elements. However, in order to maximize interoperability, extended data elements shall not replace or duplicate data elements defined in the AICC Profile structure. This means that an organization should not introduce new data elements with the same meaning as elements already defined in the AICC Profile.

        Similarly, extended vocabularies shall not duplicate or replace vocabulary terms defined in the AICC Profile.


      2. Metadata Tools

        A conforming repository or search engine shall enable the storage, searching, or viewing of all data elements in this profile.

        A conforming metadata creation tool shall allow the creation of values for every metadata element in this specification. In addition, it shall store or export all metadata using the data element names defined in this Profile.

  2. Obligation

    Mandatory and optional data elements may be determined by organizations and user groups. However, the AICC has a set of recommended obligations. The table below is separated into several columns. The metadata obligation shown in the recommended table depends on the aggregation level of the content object.


    1. Obligation Table

      In columns two through six, the following obligation symbols are used:

      • “M” indicates that the element is Mandatory.

      • “O” indicates that the element is Optional.

      • “NU” Not used by AICC

      The dark heading rows are used to separate the major categories - the highest level categories - in the LOM’s hierarchy of data elements. All Categories are lightly highlighted in gray. The major categories are those that appear first under the dark heading rows.


      The angle brackets indicate categories and data elements that are in the LOM. Those without angle brackets are AICC additions.


      Note: If the obligation M is defined for a category, then at least one of the data elements in that category must be mandatory.


      Category/Element

      Training Program

      Structured Training

      Package

      Assignable Unit

      Launch- able

      Resource

      Asset

      <general>

      M

      M

      M

      M

      M

      <identifier>

      M

      M

      M

      M

      M

      <catalog>

      M

      M

      M

      M

      M

      <entry>

      M

      M

      M

      M

      M

      <title>

      M

      M

      M

      M

      M

      <language>

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      <description>

      O

      O

      O

      M

      M

      <keyword>

      M

      M

      M

      O

      O

      <coverage>

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      <structure>

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      <aggregationLevel>

      M

      M

      M

      M

      M

      accessibility

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      Element

      Training Program

      Structured

      Training Package

      Assignable Unit

      Launchable Resource

      Asset

      <lifeCycle>

      M

      M

      M

      M

      M

      <version>

      M

      M

      M

      M

      M

      <status>

      M

      M

      M

      M

      M

      <contribute>

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      <role>

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      <entity>

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      <date>

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      Changes

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      Type

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      Date

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      Location

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      Reason

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      Means

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O


      Description

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      Element

      Training Program

      Structured

      Training Package

      Assignable Unit

      Launchable Resource

      Asset

      <metaMetadata>

      M

      M

      M

      M

      M

      <identifier>

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      <catalog>

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      <entry>

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      <contribute>

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      <role>

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      <entity>

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      <date>

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      <metadataSchema>

      M

      M

      M

      M

      M

      <language>

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      Element

      Training Program

      Structured

      Training Package

      Assignable Unit

      Launchable Resource

      Asset

      <technical>

      O

      O

      M

      M

      M

      <format>

      O

      O

      M

      M

      M

      <size>

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      <location>

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      <requirement>

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      <orComposite>

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      <type>

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      <name>

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      <minimum- Version>

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      <maximum- Version>

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      <installationRemarks>

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      <otherPlatformRequirements>

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      <duration>

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      Element

      Training Program

      Structured Training

      Package

      Assignable Unit

      Launchable Resource

      Asset

      <educational>

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      <interactivityType>

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      <learningResourceType>

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      <interactivityLevel>

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      <semanticDensity>

      NU

      NU

      NU

      NU

      NU

      <intendedEndUserRole>

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      <context>

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      <typicalAgeRange>

      NU

      NU

      NU

      NU

      NU

      <difficulty>

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      <typicalLearningTime>

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      <description>

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      <language>

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      adaptability

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      assessmentType

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      instructionalDomain

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      conceptualPhilosophy

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      cognitiveTaxonomy

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      competencyLevel

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O


      instructionalContext

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      instructionalFeedbackLevel

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      instructionalStrategy

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      learningOutcomeType

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      objective

      O

      O

      M

      O

      O

      objectiveID

      O

      O

      M

      O

      O

      objectiveTitle

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      objectiveDescription

      O

      O

      M

      O

      O

      objectiveType

      O

      O

      M

      O

      O

      objectiveDomain

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      objectiveLevel

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      requiredTrainingResources

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      trainingEventReporting

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      Element

      Training Program

      Structured

      Training Package

      Assignable Unit

      Launchable Resource

      Asset

      <rights>

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      <cost>

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      <copyrightAndOtherRestriction

      s>

      M

      M

      M

      M

      M

      <description>

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      Element

      Training Program

      Structured Training

      Package

      Assignable Unit

      Launchable Resource

      Asset

      <relation>

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      <kind>

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      <resource>

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      <identifier>

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      <catalog>

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      <entry>

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      <description>

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      Element

      Training Program

      Structured

      Training Package

      Assignable Unit

      Launchable Resource

      Asset

      <annotation>

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      <entity>

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      <date>

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      <description>

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      Element

      Training Program

      Structured Training Package

      Assignable Unit

      Launchable Resource

      Asset

      <classification>

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      <purpose>

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      <taxonPath>

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      <source>

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      <taxon>

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      <id>

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      <entry>

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      <description>

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      <keyword>

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      Element

      Training Program

      Structured

      Training Package

      Assignable Unit

      Launchable Resource

      Asset


      Applicability

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      Type

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      Entry

      O

      O

      O

      O

      O

      Element

      Training Program

      Structured Training Package

      Assignable Unit

      Launchable Resource

      Asset

      collection

      O

      O

      O`

      O

      O

      type

      O

      O

      O`

      O

      O

      members

      O

      O

      O`

      O

      O

      memberIdentifier

      O

      O

      O`

      O

      O

      memberTitle

      O

      O

      O`

      O

      O

      memberDescription

      O

      O

      O`

      O

      O

      memberNumber

      O

      O

      O`

      O

      O

      memberLocation

      O

      O

      O`

      O

      O

      memberObjective

      O

      O

      O`

      O

      O

    2. Obligation Attributes

      It is frequently helpful to know the obligation requirements of metadata when it is being reviewed. However, because each organization and using group may have a different obligation table, it may be difficult to determine where the creator’s obligation requirements can be found. In addition, when reviewing metadata from several sources, even knowing where all the obligation tables are, it becomes very cumbersome to look up the obligation of data elements of interest.


      Therefore, the AICC offers another option for the determination of obligation level -- the obligation attribute. Each metadata element may have an attribute associated with it, describing the obligation of that element in that metadata instance.

      There are three possible values that may be used to identify the obligation requirements for a given data element. If there is no obligation specifically identified for a data element, its obligation level is unknown. If it is important to determine the obligation level for an element without an attribute, the creating organization’s obligation table must be consulted. The three obligation attributes are:

      • M: mandatory

      • O: optional

      • NU: not used

      For simple obligations, the attribute may be expressed in the metadata instance as obligation=”Z”, where is Z represents the letters M, O, or NU.


      There may be times when it is desirable to make an obligation depend upon the existence or value of another data element. These simple dependencies may be expressed as the following:


      If X then the obligation of Y is Z.


      X is a logical expression describing a controlling data element. Y is a category or data element. Z is the obligation identifier M, O or NU. If a value for X exists (i.e. X = any) or a specific value for X exists (eg. Technical.Format = video) then the Y obligation is Z.


      Logic operators that may be used in the X expression are EQUALS (=), NOT (~) AND (+) and OR (|). The special word “any” may be used to indicate any value for X fulfills the obligation requirement. If there is no equal sign in the X expression, then “any” is assumed.


      The obligation attribute appears in the Y data element in the form X:Z. A colon separates the conditional requirement from the resulting obligation.

      Examples

      The data element General.Keyword is considered optional. This would result in the following attribute for General.Keyword:

      <general>

      <keyword obligation=”O”>

      <string language="en">learning object</string>

      <string language="nl">leerobject</string>

      <string language="fr">objet d’apprentissage</string>

      </keyword>

      <keyword obligation=”O”>

      <string language="en">metadata</string>

      <string language="nl">metadata</string>

      <string language="fr">métadonnées</string>

      </keyword>

      </general>

      The data element General.Identifier is always required.

      This would result in the following attribute for General Identifier:


      <general>

      <identifier obligation=”M”>

      <catalog>URI</catalog>

      <entry>http://www.adlnet.org/content/CO_01</entry>

      </identifier>

      </general>

      The data element is Educational.Objective ID Obligation attribute may be stated as follows:

      If Objective Title or Objective Description exists then Objective ID is Mandatory This would result in the following attribute for Objective ID

      <objectiveId obligation=”objectiveTitle | objectiveDescription: M”> 132APU

      </objectiveId>

      The data element is Technical.Duration.

      The obligation attribute may be stated as follows:

      If the Technical.Format is video or audio, then duration is required. This would result in the following attribute for Technical.Duration

      .

      <technical>

      <duration obligation=”technical.format=video | technical.format=audio: M>

      <!-- Movie will play for 1 hour and 30 minutes -->

      <duration>01:30:00</duration>

      <description obligation=”O”>

      <string language="en">Length of time to play movie</string>

      </description>

      </duration>

      </technical>

  3. Data Model Table

    In the table below, the columns have the following information:

    Nr

    Name

    Size

    Data type

    LOM

    1

    General

    1



    1.1

    Identifier

    10



    1.1.1

    Catalog

    1

    CharacterString 1000

    same

    1.1.2

    Entry

    1

    CharacterString 1000

    same

    1.2

    Title

    1

    LangString 1000

    same

    1.3

    Language

    10

    CharacterString 100

    same

    1.4

    Description

    10

    LangString 2000

    same

    1.5

    Keyword

    10

    LangString 1000

    same

    1.6

    Coverage



    not used

    1.7

    Structure



    same

    1.8

    Aggregation level

    1

    Vocabulary

    half


    Accessibility

    1

    Vocabulary

    new

    2

    Life Cycle

    1



    2.1

    Version

    1

    LangString 50

    same

    2.2

    Status

    1

    Vocabulary

    same

    2.3

    Contribute

    30



    2.3.1

    Role

    1

    Vocabulary

    additional

    2.3.2

    Entity

    40

    CharacterString 1000

    same

    2.3.3

    Date

    1

    DateTime

    same


    Changes

    100




    Type

    1

    Vocabulary

    addition


    Location

    1

    CharacterString 100

    addition


    Reason

    1

    Vocabulary

    addition


    Means

    1

    Vocabulary

    addition


    Description

    1

    CharacterString 200

    addition

    3

    Meta-Metadata

    1



    3.1

    Identifier

    10



    3.1.1

    Catalog

    1

    CharacterString 1000

    same

    3.1.2

    Entry

    1

    CharacterString 1000

    same

    3.2

    Contribute

    10


    same

    3.2.1

    Role

    1

    Vocabulary

    same


    3.2.2

    Entity

    10

    CharacterString 1000

    same

    3.2.3

    Date

    1

    DateTime

    same

    3.3

    Metadata Schema

    10


    same

    3.4

    Language

    1

    CharacterString 100

    same

    4

    Technical

    1



    4.1

    Format

    40

    CharacterString 500

    same

    4.2

    Size

    1

    CharacterString 30

    same

    4.3

    Location

    10

    CharacterString 1000

    same

    4.4

    Requirement

    40



    4.4.1

    OrComposite

    40



    4.4.1.1

    Type

    1

    Vocabulary


    4.4.1.2

    Name

    1

    Vocabulary


    4.4.1.3

    Minimum version

    1

    CharacterString 30


    4.4.1.4

    Maximum version

    1

    CharacterString 30


    4.5

    Installation remarks

    1

    LangString 1000


    4.6

    Other platform requirements, in complement to 4.4

    1

    LangString 1000


    4.7

    Duration

    1

    Duration


    5

    Educational

    100



    5.1

    Interactivity type

    1

    Vocabulary

    same

    5.2

    Learning resource type



    additional

    5.3

    Interactivity level

    1

    Vocabulary

    half

    5.4

    Semantic density



    not used

    5.5

    Intended end user role

    10

    Vocabulary

    half

    5.6

    Context

    10

    Vocabulary

    half

    5.7

    Typical age range



    not used

    5.8

    Difficulty

    1

    Vocabulary

    same

    5.9

    Typical learning time

    1

    Duration

    same

    5.10

    Description


    LangString

    same

    5.11

    Language

    10

    CharacterString

    same


    Required Training Resources



    new


    Objective



    new


    Objective ID



    new


    Objective title



    new


    Objective description



    new


    Objective type



    new


    Objective domain



    new


    Objective level



    new


    Instructional strategy


    Vocabulary

    new


    Adaptability



    new


    Instructional domain



    new


    Conceptual Reference





    Cognitive Taxonomy





    Competency level



    new


    Instructional feedback level





    Training event reporting




    6

    Rights

    1


    same

    6.1

    Cost

    1

    Vocabulary

    same

    6.2

    Copyright and other restrictions

    1

    Vocabulary

    same


    6.3

    Description

    1

    LangString

    same

    7

    Relation

    100



    7.1

    Kind

    1


    half

    7.2

    Resource

    1


    same

    7.2.1

    Identifier

    10


    same

    7.2.1.1

    Catalog

    1


    same

    7.2.1.2

    Entry

    1


    same

    7.2.2

    Description

    10

    LangString SPM 1000

    same

    8

    Annotation

    30


    same

    8.1

    Entity

    1


    same

    8.2

    Date

    1

    DateTime

    same

    8.3

    Description

    1

    LangString

    same

    9

    Classification

    40


    same

    9.1

    Purpose

    1

    Vocabulary

    same

    9.2

    Taxon Path

    15


    same

    9.2.1

    Source

    1

    langString

    same

    9.2.2

    Taxon

    15


    same

    9.2.2.1

    ID

    1

    CharacterString

    same

    9.2.2.2

    Entry

    1

    LangString

    same

    9.3

    Description

    1

    LangString

    same

    9.4

    Keyword

    40

    LangString

    same


    Applicability

    10


    new


    Type

    1

    Vocabulary

    new


    Entry

    1

    CharacterString

    new


    Changes

    100


    new


    Type

    1

    Vocabulary

    new


    Date

    1

    DateTime

    new


    Location

    1

    CharacterString

    new


    Reason

    1

    Vocabulary

    new


    Means

    1

    Vocabulary

    new


    Description

    1

    CharacterString



    Collection

    1


    new


    Type

    1

    Vocabulary

    new


    Members

    1000


    new


    Member Identifier

    1

    CharacterString

    new


    Member Title

    1

    CharacterString

    new


    Member Type

    1

    Vocabulary

    new


    Member Description

    1

    CharacterString

    new


    Member Number

    1

    Integer

    new


    Member Location

    1

    CharacterString

    new


    Member Objective

    1

    CharacterString

    new

  4. Data Elements and Categories

    The following categories and data elements are based on the IEEE LOM, a widely used international standard. The LOM number indicates the reference number in the LOM standards document version 1.0. When the LOM number is none, it indicates that the category or data elment is an AICC creation augmenting the base LOM scheme.

    Additionally, when AICC information has been used to augment the LOM data it has been highlighted in one way or another. For instance, a vocabulary list may include additional elements needed for the AICC. The LOM elements appear above the divider ---- LOM ----. The elements below the divider are added by the AICC requirements. The Comment space will frequently indicate any differences between the data element in the base LOM scheme and the AICC base scheme.


    1. General

      Label

      General

      LOM Number

      1

      Definition

      This category groups the general information that describes this learning object as a whole.

      Data Type

      Category

      Max Number of Occurrences

      1

      Values


      Comment


      Examples

      <aiccLom>

      <general>

      <profile> AICCv1.0 </profile>

      <identifier>

      <catalog>URI</catalog>

      <entry>http://www.adlnet.org/content/CO_01</entry>

      </identifier>

      <title>

      <string language=”en”>Title for the learning object</string>

      </title>

      <language>en</language>

      <description>

      <string language=”en”>Textual description</string>

      </description>

      <keyword>

      <string language=”en”>learning object</string>

      </keyword>

      <structure>

      <source>LOMv1.0</source>

      <value>atomic</value>

      </structure>

      <aggregationLevel>

      <source>AICCv1.0</source>

      <value>3</value>

      </aggregationLevel>

      </general>

      </aiccLom >


      1. Identifier

        Label

        General.Identifier

        LOM Number

        1.1

        Definition

        A globally unique label that identifies this learning object.

        Data Type

        Category

        Max Number of Occurrences

        10

        Values

        None

        Comment

        Identifier has 2 children: Entry and Title. Same as LOM.


        Examples

        < aiccLom >

        <general>

        <identifier>

        <catalog>URI</catalog>

        <entry>http://www.adlnet.org/content/CO_01</entry>

        </identifier>

        </general>

        </ aiccLom >

        1. Catalog

          Label

          General.Identifier.Catalog

          LOM Number

          1.1.1

          Definition

          The name or designator of the identification or cataloging scheme for this entry.

          Data Type

          CharacterString 1000

          Max Number of Occurrences

          1

          Values


          Comment

          Identifies the world in which the Identifier Entry is unique. Same as LOM.

          Examples

          <aiccLom>

          <general>

          <identifier>

          <catalog>URI</catalog>

          <entry>http://www.adlnet.org/content/CO_01</entry>

          </identifier>

          </general>

          </aiccLom>


          <aiccLom>

          <general>

          <identifier>

          <catalog> AICC-F18E/F </catalog>

          <entry>YMQ16-A10</entry>

          </identifier>

          </general>

          </aiccLom>


          <aiccLom>

          <general>

          <identifier>

          <catalog> AICC-ALTEON </catalog>

          <entry>B17-623A</entry>

          </identifier>

          </general>

          </aiccLom>


          <aiccLom>

          <general>

          <identifier>

          <catalog> AICC-AIRBUS </catalog>

          <entry>A320-623A</entry>

          </identifier>

          </general>

          </aiccLom>

        2. Entry

          Label

          General.Identifier.Entry

          LOM Number

          1.1.2

          Definition

          The value of the identifier within the identification or cataloging scheme that

          designates or identifies this learning object.

          Data Type

          CharacterString 1000

          Max Number of Occurrences

          1

          Values


          Comment

          This is the unique identifier. I may be a file name or uri . Same as LOM.


          Examples

          <aiccLom>

          <general>

          <identifier>

          <catalog> AICC-ALTEON </catalog>

          <entry> M17-A231-C12.2</entry>

          </identifier>

          </general>

          </aiccLom>


          <aiccLom>

          <general>

          <identifier>

          <catalog> AICC-AIRBUS </catalog>

          <entry> http://www.abcd.org/document/1234</entry>

          </identifier>

          </general>

          </aiccLom>


      2. Title

        Label

        General.Title

        LOM Number

        1.2

        Definition

        The value of the identifier within the identification or cataloging scheme that designates or identifies this learning object.

        Data Type

        LangString 1000

        Max Number of Occurrences

        1

        Values


        Comment

        Same as LOM.

        Examples

        <aiccLom>

        <general>

        <title>

        <string language=”en”> Autoflight System Presentation

        </string>

        </title>

        </general>

        </aiccLom>

      3. Language

        Label

        General.Language

        LOM Number

        1.3

        Definition

        The primary human language or languages used within this learning object to communicate to the intended user.

        Data Type

        CharacterString 100

        Max Number of Occurrences

        10

        Values

        ISO 639:1988

        Comment

        The ISO standard uses two letter designators for the basic language which may be followed by a two letter designator for the country in which the language is used.

        Same as LOM.

        Examples

        <aiccLom>

        <general>

        <language>en</language>

        <language>fr-CA</language>

        </general>

        </aiccLom>


      4. Description

        Label

        General.Description

        LOM Number

        1.4

        Definition

        A textual description of the content of this learning object.

        Data Type

        LangString 2000

        Max Number of Occurrences

        10

        Values


        Comment

        Same as LOM.


        Examples

        <aiccLom>

        <general>

        <description>

        <string language=”en”>

        Textual description of the learning object

        </string>

        </description>

        </general>

        </aiccLom>

      5. Keyword

        Label

        General.Keyword

        LOM Number

        1.5

        Definition

        A keyword or phrase describing the topic of this learning object.

        Data Type

        LangString 1000

        Max Number of Occurrences

        10

        Values


        Comment

        Same as LOM.

        Examples

        <lom>

        <general>

        <keyword>

        <string language="en">learning object</string>

        <string language="nl">leerobject</string>

        <string language="fr">objet d’apprentissage</string>

        </keyword>

        <keyword>

        <string language="en">metadata</string>

        <string language="nl">metadata</string>

        <string language="fr">métadonnées</string>

        </keyword>

        </general>

        </lom>

      6. Coverage

        Label

        General.Coverage

        LOM Number

        1.6

        Definition


        Data Type


        Max Number of Occurrences


        Values


        Comment

        Not used by AICC.

        Examples


      7. Structure

        Label

        General.Structure

        LOM Number

        1.7

        Definition

        Underlying organizational structure of this learning object.

        Data Type

        Vocabulary

        Max Number of Occurrences


        Values

        Vocabulary Token

        Description


        atomic

        an object that is indivisible in this context


        collection

        a set of objects with no specified relationship between them


        networked

        a set of objects with relationships that are unspecified


        hierarchical

        a set of objects whose relationships can be represented by a tree structure


        linear

        a set of objects that are fully ordered. Example: A set of objects that are connected by “previous” and “next” relationships.

        Comment

        Same as LOM.

        Examples

        <aiccLom>

        <general>



        <structure>

        <source>LOMv1.0</source>

        <value>atomic</value>

        </structure>

        </general>

        </aiccLom>

      8. Aggregation Level

        Label

        General.AggregationLevel

        LOM Number

        1.8

        Definition

        The functional granularity of this learning object.

        Data Type

        Vocabulary

        Max Number of Occurrences

        1

        Values

        Vocabulary Token


        Description


        1

        asset

        pieces of content or assessments that usually can’t be used by themselves. Examples of assets include: Images, Animations, Text, Video, Questions, Templates, Smart

        Graphics, etc


        2

        launchable resource

        a grouping of one or more assets bundled together for a

        single launchable resource, such as a web page (consisting of assets such as text, audio, and graphics).


        3

        au

        a self-contained “chunk” of data consisting of one or more assets or launchable resources. An assignable unit is the first level of aggregated objects where assets are combined for a particular stand-alone purpose. An assignable unit is

        the lowest level that can communicate with an LMS.


        4

        package

        a digital description of Assignable Units, Launchable Resources, and Assets, including off-line activities (simulator sessions, classroom sessions, etc.).

        Sequencing information and the structure may be hierarchical with many levels, or flat. A training package is

        comprised of learning activities on-line and offline, summary information, and assessment items.


        5

        program

        a collection of structured training packages related to a specific syllabus, or curriculum. It includes a digital description of the structured training packages, as well as sequencing information for the structured training

        packages.

        Comment

        The AICC uses the same vocabulary tokens (numbers) as LOM. However, the AICC adds another level (5) and defines the levels less generically than LOM.

        Examples

        <aiccLom>

        <general>

        <aggregationLevel>

        <source>AICCv1.0</source>

        <value>2</value>

        </aggregationLevel>

        </general>

        </aiccLom>


      9. Accessibility

        Label

        General.Accessibility

        LOM Number

        none

        Definition

        Methodologies employed to develop content to be delivered to people with disabilities (e.g., color blind, vision impairment, blind, hard of hearing, deaf, cognitive impairment,

        neurological impairment, and speech impairment), dexterity impaired, cognitive impairment, hearing impaired).


        Data Type

        Vocabulary

        Max Number of Occurrences

        7

        Values

        Comment

        Disabilities: color blind, vision impairment blind, hard of hearing, deaf, mobility impaired, cognitive impairment, neurological impairment, and speech impairment. The four principles of accessibility as defined by the World Wide Web Consortium’s (W3C)Web Accessibility Initiative (WAI) and the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG): are: 1) Content must be perceivable to each user. 2) User interface components in the content must be operable by each user. 3) Content and controls must be understandable to each user. 4) Content must be robust enough to work with

        current and future technologies. This methodology is usually based on the Section 508 Specifications

        Examples

        Example of HTML markup for Level A conformance.

        <a href="http://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG1A-Conformance" title="Explanation of Level A Conformance">

        <img height="32" width="88" src="http://www.w3.org/WAI/wcag1A" alt="Level A conformance icon,

        W3C-WAI Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 1.0">

        </a>


        Example of HTML markup for Level double-A conformance.

        <a href="http://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG1AA-Conformance" title="Explanation of Level Double-A Conformance">

        <img height="32" width="88" src="http://www.w3.org/WAI/wcag1AA" alt="Level Double-A conformance icon,

        W3C-WAI Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 1.0">

        </a>


        Example of HTML markup for Level triple-A conformance.

        <a href="http://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG1AAA-Conformance" title="Explanation of Level Triple-A Conformance">

        <img height="32" width="88" src="http://www.w3.org/WAI/wcag1AAA" alt="Level Triple-A conformance icon,

        W3C-WAI Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 1.0">

        </a>

        • oversize_font,

        • deep_contrast,

        • user_preferences,

        • sticky_keys,

        • shortcut_keys

        • w3c_wai-a

        • w3c_wai-aa

        • w3c_wai-aaa

    2. Life Cycle

      Label

      LifeCycle

      LOM Number

      2

      Definition

      This category describes the history and current state of this learning object and those entities that have affected this learning object during its evolution.

      Data Type

      Category

      Max Number of Occurrences

      1

      Values


      Comment


      Examples

      <aiccLom>

      <lifeCycle>

      <version>

      <string language="en">1.0 alpha</string>



      </version>

      <status>

      <source>LOMv1.0</source>

      <value>final</value>

      </status>

      <contribute>

      <role>

      <source>LOMv1.0</source>

      <value>author</value>

      </role>

      <entity>BEGIN:VCARD\nFN:Joe FridayEND:VCARD</entity>

      <date>

      <dateTime>2002-12-12</dateTime>

      <description>

      <string language="en">A description for the date</string>

      </description>

      </date>

      </contribute>

      </lifeCycle>

      </aiccLom>

      1. Version

        Label

        LifeCycle.Version

        LOM Number

        2.1

        Definition

        The edition of this learning object.

        Data Type

        LangString 50

        Max Number of Occurrences

        1

        Values


        Comment

        Same as LOM.

        Examples

        <aiccLom>

        <lifeCycle>

        <version>

        <string language="en">1.0 alpha</string>

        </version>

        </lifeCycle>

        </aiccLom>

      2. Status

        Label

        LifeCycle.Status

        LOM Number

        2.2

        Definition

        The edition of this learning object.

        Data Type

        Vocabulary

        Max Number of Occurrences

        1

        Values

        Vocabulary Token

        Description


        draft

        Component is in a draft state (as determined by the developer)


        final

        Component is in a final state (as determined by the developer)


        revised

        Component has been revised since the last version.


        unavailable

        Status information is unavailable.

        Comment

        Same as LOM. Description provided by AICC.

        Examples

        <aiccLom>

        <lifeCycle>

        <status>

        <source>LOMv1.0</source>

        <value>final</value>

        </status>

        </lifeCycle>

        </aiccLom>

      3. Contribute

        Label

        LifeCycle.Contribute

        LOM Number

        2.3

        Definition

        Those entities (people, organization…) that have contributed to the state of this learning object during its life cycle.

        Data Type

        Category

        Max Number of Occurrences

        30

        Values

        None

        Comment

        This category has 3 children to describe each contribution: Role, Entity, and Date. Up to 30 contributors can be described. Same as LOM.

        Examples

        <aiccLom>

        <lifeCycle>

        <contribute>

        <role>

        <source>LOMv1.0</source>

        <value>author</value>

        </role>

        <entity>BEGIN:VCARD\nFN:Joe FridayEND:VCARD</entity>

        <date>

        <dateTime>2002-12-12</dateTime>

        <description>

        <string language="en">A description for the date</string>

        </description>

        </date>

        </contribute>

        </lifeCycle>

        </aiccLom>

        1. Role

          Label

          LifeCycle.Contribute.Role

          LOM Number

          2.3.1

          Definition

          Kind of contribution.

          Data Type

          Vocabulary

          Max Number of Occurrences

          1

          Values

          Vocabulary Token

          Description


          author

          A person or group that originates or creates the content


          publisher

          A person or group that disseminates or releases for

          distribution the content


          unknown

          The kind of contribution made by the entity is not known.


          initiator

          A person or group who facilitates the beginning of the

          content


          terminator

          A person or group who forms the ending of the content


          validator

          A person or group who verifies the content


          editor

          A person or group who alter, adapt, or refine the content


          graphical designer

          A person or group who uses software tools to create visual

          representations of an object


          technical implementer

          A person or group who adds technical features for the

          content


          content provider

          A person or group who makes the content available to

          users


          educational validator

          A person or group who verifies the educational

          effectiveness of the content


          script writer

          A person or group who writes the text of a production object

          such as audio or video


          instructional designer

          Designs instructional and cognitive strategies to support the

          core content of a learning object so that learning occurs.


          subject matter expert

          Person knowledgeable in the domain covered by the

          content.


          developer

          AICC addition: uses authoring tools to produce the final




          deliverable.


          qa

          ÁICC addition: Quality Assurance. A person or group who functionally or technically validates the content.


          content_designer

          ÁICC addition: A person or group who creates the visual and behavioral representation of the training content


          media_developer

          AICC addition: uses software tools to create various media

          types: graphics, 3D environments, animations, video, sound, etc.


          programmer

          AICC addition: anyone who writes code.

          Comment

          The AICC vocabulary expands the LOM vocabulary with developer, qa, content_designer, media_developer, and programmer. All descriptions of any of the

          vocabulary elements are AICC additions to LOM.

          Examples

          <aiccLom>

          <lifeCycle>

          <contribute>

          <role>

          <source>AICCv1.0</source>

          <value>author</value>

          </role>

          </contribute>

          </lifeCycle>

          </aiccLom>

        2. Entity

          Label

          LifeCycle.Contribute.Entity

          LOM Number

          2.3.2

          Definition

          The identification of and information about entities (people, organizations) contributing

          to this learning object.

          Data Type

          CharacterString 1000

          Max Number of Occurrences

          40

          Values


          Comment

          If their contribution was on the same date, up to 40 people or organizations can be

          identified as having the same role in the creation of the learning object.

          Examples

          <aiccLom>

          <lifeCycle>

          <contribute>

          <role>

          <source>LOMv1.0</source>

          <value>author</value>

          </role>

          <entity>Joe Fred Biggs</entity>

          <entity>Pierre Cottlemeyer</entity>

          <date>

          <dateTime>2002-12-12</dateTime>

          <description>

          <string language="en">A description for the date</string>

          </description>

          </date>

          </contribute>

          </lifeCycle>

          </aiccLom>

          Label

          LifeCycle.Contribute.Date

          LOM Number

          2.3.3

          Definition

          The date of the contribution.

          Data Type

          DateTime

          Max Number of Occurrences

          1

          Values

          DateTime consists of two elements, a date-time and a description.

        3. Date


          Comment

          Same as SCORM.

          Examples

          <aiccLom>

          <lifeCycle>

          <contribute>

          <role>

          <source>LOMv1.0</source>

          <value>author</value>

          </role>

          <entity>BEGIN:VCARD\nFN:Joe AuthorEND:VCARD</entity>

          <entity>BEGIN:VCARD\nFN:Mary AuthorEND:VCARD</entity>

          <date>

          <dateTime>2002-12-12</dateTime>

          <description>

          <string language="en">This date represents the date the author finished authoring the component.</string>

          </description>

          </date>

          </contribute>

          </lifeCycle>

          </aiccLom>


      4. Changes

        Label

        LifeCycle.Changes

        LOM Number

        none

        Definition

        Identification of what is different in the revised object.

        Data Type

        Category

        Max Number of Occurrences

        1000

        Values

        None

        Comment

        AICC addition.

        Examples

        <aiccLom>

        <lifeCycle>

        <status>

        <source>LOMv1.0</source>

        <value>revised</value>

        </status>

        <changes>

        <source>AICCv1.0</source>

        <change>

        <type> au </type>

        <date> 2006-09-15 </date>

        <location> frame 16 </location>

        <reason> correction </reason>

        <means> change </means>

        <description> Corrected spelling error. </description>

        </change>

        </changes>

        </lifeCycle>

        </aiccLom>

        1. Type

          Label

          LifeCycle.Changes.Type

          LOM Number

          none

          Definition

          Category of the object being changed. Level of aggregation or more specific type.

          Data Type

          Vocabulary

          Max Number of Occurrences

          1

          Values

          Vocabulary

          Token

          Description


          question

          A single assessment item.


          smart_graphic

          An illustration whose appearance can be changed




          programmatically.


          template

          Something that establishes or serves as a pattern


          text

          Printed or written matter


          graphic

          An illustration or photograph


          animation

          A motion sequence generated artificially.


          video

          A motion sequence recorded from reality.


          audio

          sound recording


          other_asset

          pieces of content or assessments that usually can’t be used by themselves. Excludes the specific asset types listed above.


          launchable

          a grouping of one or more assets bundled together for a single

          launchable resource, such as a web page (consisting of assets such as text, audio, and graphics).


          au

          a self-contained “chunk” of data consisting of one or more assets or launchable resources. An assignable unit is the first level of aggregated objects where assets are combined for a particular stand-alone purpose. An assignable unit is the lowest level that can

          communicate with an LMS.


          package

          a digital description of Assignable Units, Launchable Resources, and Assets, including off-line activities (simulator sessions, classroom sessions, etc.). Sequencing information and the structure may be hierarchical with many levels, or flat. A training package is comprised of learning activities on-line and offline,

          summary information, and assessment items.


          program

          a collection of structured training packages related to a specific syllabus, or curriculum. It includes a digital description of the structured training packages, as well as sequencing information for

          the structured training packages.

          Comment

          AICC addition. Note that the aggregation level of the object to which this metadata applies may be different than the aggregation level of the object which changed. For instance, the metadata may be about a course, but the object that changed was an

          assignable unit.

          Examples

          <aiccLom>

          <lifeCycle>

          <status>

          <source>LOMv1.0</source>

          <value>revised</value>

          </status>

          <changes>

          <source>AICCv1.0</source>

          <change>

          <type> au </type>

          <location> frame 16 </location>

          <reason> correction </reason>

          <description> Corrected spelling error. </description>

          </change>

          </changes>

          </lifeCycle>

          </aiccLom>

        2. Date

          Label

          Changes.Date

          LOM Number

          none

          Definition

          Date that this change was completed.

          Data Type

          Date

          Max Number of Occurrences

          1

          Values

          Date in the format YYYY-MM-DD.

          Comment



          Examples


        3. Location

          Label

          LifeCycle.Changes.Location

          LOM Number

          none

          Definition

          Indication of where in the object the change occurred.

          Data Type

          Character string 100

          Max Number of Occurrences

          1

          Values

          None

          Comment

          AICC addition.

          Examples

          <aiccLom>

          <lifeCycle>

          <status>

          <source>LOMv1.0</source>

          <value>revised</value>

          </status>

          <changes>

          <source>AICCv1.0</source>

          <change>

          <type> au </type>

          <location> frame 16 </location>

          <reason> correction </reason>

          <description> Corrected spelling error. </description>

          </change>

          </changes>

          </lifeCycle>

          </aiccLom>

        4. Reason

          Label

          LifeCycle.Changes.Reason

          LOM Number

          none

          Definition

          Why the change was made.

          Data Type

          Vocabulary

          Max Number of Occurrences

          1

          Values

          Vocabulary

          Token

          Description


          technical

          Technical changes were made in the subject covered by the

          learning object.


          correction

          A mistake was detected and corrected in the earlier version of the

          object.


          improvement

          The change enhances the learning object in some way.

          Comment

          AICC addition.

          Examples

          <aiccLom>

          <lifeCycle>

          <status>

          <source>LOMv1.0</source>

          <value>revised</value>

          </status>

          <changes>

          <source>AICCv1.0</source>

          <change>

          <type> assignable unit </type>

          <location> frame 16 </location>

          <reason> correction </reason>

          <description> Corrected spelling error. </description>

          </change>

          </changes>

          </lifeCycle>

          </aiccLom>


        5. Means

          Label

          LifeCycle.Changes.Means

          LOM Number

          none

          Definition

          How the change was made.

          Data Type

          Vocabulary

          Max Number of Occurrences

          1

          Values

          Vocabulary

          Token

          Description


          addition

          Something was added to the learning object.


          deletion

          Something was subtracted from the learning object.


          change

          Something is different in the learning object.

          Comment

          AICC addition.

          Examples

          <aiccLom>

          <lifeCycle>

          <status>

          <source>LOMv1.0</source>

          <value>revised</value>

          </status>

          <changes>

          <source>AICCv1.0</source>

          <change>

          <type> assignable unit </type>

          <location> frame 16 </location>

          <reason> correction </reason>

          <means> change </means>

          <description> Corrected spelling error. </description>

          </change>

          </changes>

          </lifeCycle>

          </aiccLom>

        6. Description

          Label

          LifeCycle.Changes.Description

          LOM Number

          none

          Definition

          More information about the change.

          Data Type

          Character string 200

          Max Number of Occurrences

          1

          Values

          None

          Comment

          AICC addition.

          Examples

          <aiccLom>

          <lifeCycle>

          <status>

          <source>LOMv1.0</source>

          <value>revised</value>

          </status>

          <changes>

          <source>AICCv1.0</source>

          <change>

          <type> assignable unit </type>

          <location> frame 16 </location>

          <reason> correction </reason>

          <description> Corrected spelling error. </description>

          </change>

          </changes>

          </lifeCycle>

          </aiccLom>


    3. Meta Metadata

      Label

      MetaMetadata

      LOM Number

      3

      Definition

      This category describes the metadata record itself, not the learning object.

      Data Type

      Category

      Max Number of Occurrences

      1

      Values


      Comment


      Examples

      <aiccLom>

      <metaMetadata>

      <identifier>

      <catalog>URI</catalog>

      <entry>http://www.aicc.org</entry>

      </identifier>

      <contribute>

      <role>

      <source>LOMv1.0</source>

      <value>creator</value>

      </role>

      <entity>BEGIN:VCARD\nFN:Joe Metadata CreatorEND:VCARD</entity>

      <date>

      <dateTime>2002-12-12</dateTime>

      <description>

      <string language="en">This date represents the date the creator finished authoring the metadata.</string>

      </description>

      </date>

      </contribute>

      <metadataSchema>LOMv1.0</metadataSchema>

      <metadataSchema>AICCv1.0</metadataSchema>

      <language>en</language>

      </metaMetadata>

      </aiccLom>

      1. Identifier

        Label

        MetaMetadata.Identifier

        LOM Number

        3.1

        Definition

        A globally unique label that identifies this metadata record.

        Data Type

        Category

        Max Number of Occurrences

        10

        Values

        None

        Comment

        This category has 2 children to describe each contribution: Catalog and

        Entry. Up to 10 identifiers can be described. Same as LOM. The common practice in the aviation industry is to identify a label that is unique to the domain specified in

        Catalog.

        Examples

        <aiccLom>

        <metaMetadata>

        <identifier>

        <catalog>URI</catalog>

        <entry>http://www.aicc.org</entry>

        </identifier>

        </metaMetadata>

        </aiccLom>

        1. Catalog

          Label

          MetaMetadata.Identifier.Catalog

          LOM Number

          3.1.1

          Definition

          The name or designator of the identification or cataloging scheme for this entry.

          Data Type

          CharacterString 1000

          Max Number of Occurrences

          1


          Values


          Comment

          Identifies the world in which the Identifier Entry is unique. Same as LOM.

          Examples

          <aiccLom>

          <metaMetadata>

          <identifier>

          <catalog> AICC-F18E/F </catalog>

          <entry> M17-A231-C12.2</entry>

          </identifier>

          </metaMetadata>

          </aiccLom>

        2. Entry

          Label

          MetaMetadata.Identifier.Entry

          LOM Number

          3.1.2

          Definition

          The value of the identifier within the identification or cataloging scheme that

          designates or identifies this metadata record.

          Data Type

          CharacterString 1000

          Max Number of Occurrences

          1

          Values


          Comment

          This is the unique identifier. Same as LOM.

          Examples

          <aiccLom>

          <metaMetadata>

          <identifier>

          <catalog> AICC-AIRBUS </catalog>

          <entry> APU17M </entry>

          </identifier>

          </metaMetadata>

          </aiccLom>

      2. Contribute

        Label

        MetaMetadata.Contribute

        LOM Number

        3.2

        Definition

        Those entities (people, organization…) that have contributed to the state of this metadata instance during its life cycle.

        Data Type

        Category

        Max Number of Occurrences

        10

        Values

        None

        Comment

        This category has 3 children to describe each contribution: Role, Entity, and Date. Up to 10 contributors can be described. Same as LOM.

        Examples

        <aiccLom>

        <metaMetadata>

        <contribute>

        <role>

        <source>LOMv1.0</source>

        <value>creator</value>

        </role>

        <entity>BEGIN:VCARD\nFN:Joe Metadata CreatorEND:VCARD</entity>

        <date>

        <dateTime>2002-12-12</dateTime>

        <description>

        <string language="en">This date represents the date the creator finished authoring the metadata.</string>

        </description>

        </date>

        </contribute>

        </metaMetadata>

        </aiccLom>

        1. Role

          Label

          MetaMetadata.Contribute.Role

          LOM Number

          3.2.1

          Definition

          Kind of contribution.

          Data Type

          Vocabulary

          Max Number of Occurrences

          1

          Values

          Creator

          Validator

          Comment

          Same as LOM.

          Examples

          <aiccLom>

          <metaMetadata>

          <contribute>

          <role>

          <source>LOMv1.0</source>

          <value>creator</value>

          </role>

          <entity>BEGIN:VCARD\nFN:Joe Metadata CreatorEND:VCARD</entity>

          <date>

          <dateTime>2002-12-12</dateTime>

          <description>

          <string language="en">This date represents the date the creator finished authoring the metadata.</string>

          </description>

          </date>

          </contribute>

          </metaMetadata>

          </aiccLom>

        2. Entity

          Label

          MetaMetadata.Contribute.Entity

          LOM Number

          3.2.2

          Definition

          The identification of and information about entities (people, organizations) contributing

          to this metaqdata instance.

          Data Type

          CharacterString 1000

          Max Number of Occurrences

          10

          Values


          Comment

          If their contribution was on the same date, up to 10 people or organizations can be

          identified as having the same role in the creation of the metadata instance. The CharacterString may or may not represent a valid vCard.

          Examples

          <aiccLom>

          <metaMetadata>

          <contribute>

          <role>

          <source>LOMv1.0</source>

          <value>creator</value>

          </role>

          <entity>BEGIN:VCARD\nFN:Joe Metadata CreatorEND:VCARD</entity>

          <date>

          <dateTime>2002-12-12</dateTime>

          <description>

          <string language="en">This date represents the date the creator finished authoring the metadata.</string>

          </description>

          </date>

          </contribute>

          </metaMetadata>

          </aiccLom>

          Label

          MetaMetadata.Contribute.Date

          LOM Number

          3.2.3

        3. Date


          Definition

          The date of the contribution.

          Data Type

          DateTime

          Max Number of Occurrences

          1

          Values


          Comment

          Same as LOM.

          Examples

          <aiccLom>

          <metaMetadata>

          <contribute>

          <role>

          <source>LOMv1.0</source>

          <value>creator</value>

          </role>

          <entity>BEGIN:VCARD\nFN:Joe Metadata CreatorEND:VCARD</entity>

          <date>

          <dateTime>2002-12-16</dateTime>

          <description>

          <string language="en">This date represents the date the creator finished authoring the metadata.</string>

          </description>

          </date>

          </contribute>

          </metaMetadata>

          </aiccLom>


      3. Metadata Schema

        Label

        MetaMetadata.MetadataSchema

        LOM Number

        3.3

        Definition

        The name and version of the authoritative specification used to create this metadata instance.

        Data Type

        CharacterString 1000

        Max Number of Occurrences

        10

        Values


        Comment

        Same as LOM. Identifies the profile that was used for the metadata instance.

        Examples

        <aiccLom>

        <metaMetadata>

        <!-- Mandatory Element/Values for all SCORM 1.3 Meta-data instances -->

        <metadataSchema>LOMv1.0</metadataSchema>

        <metadataSchema>AICCv1.0</metadataSchema>

        </metaMetadata>

        </aiccLom>

      4. Language

        Label

        MetaMetadata.Language

        LOM Number

        3.4

        Definition

        Language of this metadata instance.

        Data Type

        CharacterString 100

        Max Number of Occurrences

        1

        Values

        ISO 639:1988

        Comment

        The ISO standard uses two letter designators for the basic language which may be followed by a three letter designator for the country in which the language is used. Same as LOM.

        This value represents the default language for all LangStrings. If a value for this data element is not present in a meta-data instance, then there is no default language for

        LangString values. If this value is provided it is not necessary to indicate a language value for LangString elements.


        Examples

        <aiccLom>

        <metaMetadata>

        <language>en</language>

        </metaMetadata>

        </aiccLom>


    4. Technical

      Label

      Technical

      LOM Number

      4

      Definition

      This category describes the technical requirements and characteristics of this learning object.

      Data Type

      Category

      Max Number of Occurrences

      1

      Values


      Comment

      Same as LOM.

      Examples

      <aiccLom>

      <technical>

      <format>text/html</format>

      <size>1024</size>

      <location>Lesson01/Module01/Resources/SCO01.htm</location>

      <requirement>

      <orComposite>

      <type>

      <source>LOMv1.0</source>

      <value>browser</value>

      </type>

      <name>

      <source>LOMv1.0</source>

      <value>ms-internet explorer</value>

      </name>

      <minimumVersion>5.0</minimumVersion>

      <maximumVersion>6.0</maximumVersion>

      </orComposite>

      </requirement>

      <installationRemarks>

      <string language="en">This activity requires the client browser to have a Macromedia Flash plugin installed.</string>

      </installationRemarks>

      <otherPlatformRequirements>

      <string language="en">Sound card, Min. RAM: 16Mb, Video card and display: at least 800 X 600 pixels x 256 colors</string>

      </otherPlatformRequirements>

      <duration>

      <duration>00:35:15</duration>

      <description>

      <string language="en">Length of time to play simulation</string>

      </description>

      </duration>

      </technical>

      </aiccLom>

      1. Format

        Label

        Technical.Format

        LOM Number

        4.1

        Definition

        Technical datatype(s) (of all the components of) this learning object.

        Data Type

        CharacterString 500

        Max Number of Occurrences

        40

        Values

        MIME types based on IANA registration (see RFC2048:1996). Up to 40 different types may be listed for a learning object.

        Comment

        Same as LOM.

        Examples

        <aiccLom>

        <technical>

        <format>video/mpeg</format>



        <format>text/html</format>

        </technical>

        </aiccLom>

      2. Size

        Label

        Technical.Size

        LOM Number

        4.2

        Definition

        The size of the digital learning object in bytes.

        Data Type

        CharacterString 30

        Max Number of Occurrences

        1

        Values

        A string which may be converted to an integer number.

        Comment

        Same as LOM.

        Examples

        <aiccLom>

        <technical>

        <size>345</size>

        </technical>

        </aiccLom>

      3. Location

        Label

        Technical.Location

        LOM Number

        4.3

        Definition

        A string that is used to access to this learning object.

        Data Type

        CharacterString 1000

        Max Number of Occurrences

        10

        Values


        Comment

        Same as LOM.

        Examples

        <aiccLom>

        <technical>

        <location>http://www.adlnet.org/content/Asset.jpg</location>

        </technical>

        </aiccLom>

      4. Requirement

        Label

        Technical.Requirement

        LOM Number

        4.4

        Definition

        The technical capabilities necessary for using this learning object.

        Data Type

        Category

        Max Number of Occurrences

        40

        Values

        None

        Comment

        A list of requirements, all of which are required to enable the use of the learning object. Each requirement in the list has at least one “orComposite.” If there is only one set of orComposite elements, then that is a requirement. But if there are several alternatives for that requirement, then the list of orComposites is a sublist any one of

        whose members could satisfy that requirement. Same as LOM.

        Examples

        <aiccLom>

        <technical>

        <requirement>

        <orComposite>

        <type>

        <source>LOMv1.0</source>

        <value>browser</value>

        </type>

        <name>

        <source>LOMv1.0</source>

        <value>ms-internet explorer</value>

        </name>

        <minimumVersion>5.0</minimumVersion>

        <maximumVersion>6.0</maximumVersion>

        </orComposite>

        </requirement>

        </technical>



        </aiccLom>

        1. OrComposite

          Label

          Technical.OrComposite

          LOM Number

          4.4.1

          Definition

          Multiple requirement grouped with the logical connector OR.

          Data Type

          Category

          Max Number of Occurrences

          40

          Values

          None

          Comment

          A list of technical requirements, any one of which may be used to enable the use of

          the learning object. This category has four children which may be used to describe each requirement. Same as LOM.

          Examples

          <aiccLom>

          <technical>

          <requirement>

          <orComposite>

          <type>

          <source>LOMv1.0</source>

          <value>browser</value>

          </type>

          <name>

          <source>LOMv1.0</source>

          <value>ms-internet explorer</value>

          </name>

          <minimumVersion>5.0</minimumVersion>

          <maximumVersion>6.0</maximumVersion>

          </orComposite>

          <orComposite>

          <type>

          <source>LOMv1.0</source>

          <value>browser</value>

          </type>

          <name>

          <source>LOMv1.0</source>

          <value>netscape communicator</value>

          </name>

          <minimumVersion>4.7.9</minimumVersion>

          <maximumVersion>5.0</maximumVersion>

          </orComposite>

          </requirement>

          </technical>

          </aiccLom>

          1. Type

            Label

            Technical.OrComposite.Type

            LOM Number

            4.4.1.1

            Definition

            The technology required to use this learning object.

            Data Type

            Vocabulary

            Max Number of Occurrences

            1

            Values

            Operating system Browser

            Comment

            Same as LOM.

            Examples

            <aiccLom>

            <technical>

            <requirement>

            <orComposite>

            <type>

            <source>LOMv1.0</source>

            <value>browser</value>



            </type>

            <name>

            <source>LOMv1.0</source>

            <value>ms-internet explorer</value>

            </name>

            <minimumVersion>5.0</minimumVersion>

            <maximumVersion>6.0</maximumVersion>

            </orComposite>

            </requirement>

            </technical>

            </aiccLom>

          2. Name

            Label

            Technical.OrComposite.Name

            LOM Number

            4.4.1.2

            Definition

            Name of the required technology to use this learning object.

            Data Type

            Vocabulary

            Max Number of Occurrences

            1

            Values

            If requirement.orComposite.type = “operating system” pc-dos

            ms-windows macos

            unix multi-os none other

            If requirement.orComposite.type = “browser” any

            netscape communicator mozilla

            ms-internet_explorer opera

            firefox amaya other none

            Comment

            AICC modification to vocabulary by addition of other, mozilla, and firefox.

            Examples

            <aiccLom>

            <technical>

            <requirement>

            <orComposite>

            <type>

            <source>LOMv1.0</source>

            <value>browser</value>

            </type>

            <name>

            <source>LOMv1.0</source>

            <value>ms-internet explorer</value>

            </name>

            <minimumVersion>5.0</minimumVersion>

            <maximumVersion>6.0</maximumVersion>

            </orComposite>

            </requirement>

            </technical>

            </aiccLom>


          3. Minimum Version

            Label

            Technical.OrComposite.MinimumVersion

            LOM Number

            4.4.1.3

            Definition

            Lowest possible version of the required technology to use this learning object.

            Data Type

            CharacterString 30

            Max Number of Occurrences

            1

            Values


            Comment

            Same as LOM.

            Examples

            <aiccLom>

            <technical>

            <requirement>

            <orComposite>

            <type>

            <source>LOMv1.0</source>

            <value>browser</value>

            </type>

            <name>

            <source>LOMv1.0</source>

            <value>ms-internet explorer</value>

            </name>

            <minimumVersion>5.0</minimumVersion>

            <maximumVersion>6.0</maximumVersion>

            </orComposite>

            </requirement>

            </technical>

            </aiccLom>

          4. Maximum Version

            Label

            technical.orComposite.maximumVersion

            LOM Number

            4.4.1.4

            Definition

            Lowest possible version of the required technology to use this learning object.

            Data Type

            CharacterString 30

            Max Number of Occurrences

            1

            Values


            Comment

            Same as LOM.

            Examples

            <aiccLom>

            <technical>

            <requirement>

            <orComposite>

            <type>

            <source>LOMv1.0</source>

            <value>browser</value>

            </type>

            <name>

            <source>LOMv1.0</source>

            <value>ms-internet explorer</value>

            </name>

            <minimumVersion>5.0</minimumVersion>

            <maximumVersion>6.0</maximumVersion>

            </orComposite>

            </requirement>

            </technical>

            </aiccLom>

      5. Installation Remarks

        Label

        technical.installationRemarks

        LOM Number

        4.5

        Definition

        Description of how to install this learning object

        Data Type

        LangString 1000

        Max Number of Occurrences

        1


        Values


        Comment

        Same as LOM.

        Examples

        <aiccLom>

        <technical>

        <installationRemarks>

        <string language="en">This activity requires the client browser to have a Macromedia Flash plugin installed.</string>

        </installationRemarks>

        </technical>

        </aiccLom>

      6. Other Platform Requirments

        Label

        technical.otherPlatformRequirements

        LOM Number

        4.6

        Definition

        Information about software and hardware requirements

        Data Type

        LangString 1000

        Max Number of Occurrences

        1

        Values


        Comment

        Same as LOM.

        Examples

        <aiccLom>

        <technical>

        <otherPlatformRequirements>

        <string language="en"> Sound card, Min. RAM 32Mb, Resolution min 1024x768, Min 256 colors </string>

        </otherPlatformRequirements>

        </technical>

        </aiccLom>

      7. Duration

        Label

        technical.duration

        LOM Number

        4.7

        Definition

        Time a continuous learning object takes when played at intended speed

        Data Type

        TimeSpan

        Max Number of Occurrences

        1

        Values


        Comment

        Same as LOM except for datatype of AICC CMI TimeSpan instead of ISO duration.

        Examples

        <aiccLom>

        <technical>

        <duration>

        <!-- Movie will play for 1 hour and 30 minutes -->

        <duration>01:30:00</duration>

        <description>

        <string language="en">Length of time to play movie</string>

        </description>

        </duration>

        </technical>

        </aiccLom>


    5. Educational

      Label

      Educational

      LOM Number

      5

      Definition

      This category describes the key educational or pedagogic characteristics of this learning object.

      Data Type

      Category

      Max Number of Occurrences

      100

      Values


      Comment


      Examples

      <aiccLom>

      <educational>

      <interactivityType>

      <source>LOMv1.0</source>

      <value>mixed</value>

      </interactivityType>

      <learningResourceType>

      <source>LOMv1.0</source>

      <value>figure</value>

      </learningResourceType>

      <learningResourceType>

      <source>LOMv1.0</source>

      <value>narrative text</value>

      </learningResourceType>

      <interactivityLevel>

      <source>LOMv1.0</source>

      <value>very low</value>

      </interactivityLevel>

      <intendedEndUserRole>

      <source>LOMv1.0</source>

      <value>learner</value>

      </intendedEndUserRole>

      <difficulty>

      <source>LOMv1.0</source>

      <value>easy</value>

      </difficulty>

      <typicalLearningTime>

      <duration>PT1H30M</duration>

      <description>

      <string language="en">Average length of time to experience the activity.</string>

      </description>

      </typicalLearningTime>

      <language>en-US</language>

      </educational>

      </aiccLom>

      1. Interactivity Type

        Label

        Educational.InteractivityType

        LOM Number

        5.1

        Definition

        The flow of interaction between this resource and the intended user.

        ---- LOM ----

        The interactivity type identifies the predominant mode of learning that is supported by the learning object.

        Data Type

        Vocabulary

        Max Number of Occurrences

        1

        Values

        Vocabulary Token

        Description


        active

        Active learning is learning by doing. This type is supported by content




        that directly induces productive action by the learner. An active learning object prompts the learner for semantically meaningful input or for some other kind of productive action or decision, not necessarily performed within the learning object's framework. Active documents include

        simulations, questionnaires, and exercises.


        expositive

        Expositive learning is passive learning. This occurs when the learner's job mainly consists of absorbing the content exposed to him (generally through text, images or sound). An expositive learning object displays information but does not prompt the learner for any semantically meaningful input. Expositive documents include essays, video clips, all

        kinds of graphical material, and hypertext documents.


        mixed

        Mixed corresponds to a learning resource with both active and expositive segments in it.

        Comment

        Same as LOM with augmented definition and vocabulary descriptions.

        Examples

        <aiccLom>

        <educational>

        <interactivityType>

        <source>LOMv1.0</source>

        <value>mixed</value>

        </interactivityType>

        <learningResourceType>

        <source>LOMv1.0</source>

        <value>figure</value>

        </learningResourceType>

        <learningResourceType>

        <source>LOMv1.0</source>

        <value>narrative text</value>

        </learningResourceType>

        <interactivityLevel>

        <source>LOMv1.0</source>

        <value>very low</value>

        </interactivityLevel>

        <intendedEndUserRole>

        <source>LOMv1.0</source>

        <value>learner</value>

        </intendedEndUserRole>

        <difficulty>

        <source>LOMv1.0</source>

        <value>easy</value>

        </difficulty>

        <typicalLearningTime>

        <duration>PT1H30M</duration>

        <description>

        <string language="en">Average length of time to experience the activity.</string>

        </description>

        </typicalLearningTime>

        <language>en-US</language>

        </educational>

        </aiccLom>

      2. Learning Resource Type

        Label

        Educational.LearningResourceType

        LOM Number

        5.2

        Definition

        Specific kind of learning object.

        Data Type

        Vocabulary

        Max Number of Occurrences

        10


        Values

        Vocabulary Tokens

        Description


        exercise

        A maneuver, operation, or drill carried out for training and discipline


        simulation

        Training Activity that replicates real life situations in an artificial environment. Students perform as if the activities were occurring in

        real life.


        questionnaire

        A set of questions that are not used as a performance evaluation for a learner.


        diagram

        A drawing that shows arrangement and relations


        figure

        A diagram or pictorial illustration


        graph

        A collection of coordinates to satisfy a given relation


        index

        A list of some specified data (as author, subject, or keyword)


        slide

        An illustration or photograph on a transparent medium that may be projected onto a screen for viewing.


        table

        A systematic arrangement of data usually in rows and columns for ready reference


        narrative text

        The textual representation of an event or story


        exam

        A collection of assessment items which are used to determine a learner’s proficiency.


        experiment

        An operation or procedure carried out under controlled conditions.


        problem statement



        self assessment

        A set of questions used by a learner to determine his own level of performance.


        lecture

        A discourse given before an audience or class for instruction


        collection

        A set of objects with no specified relationship between them.


        question

        An assessment item. A unit of assessment.


        example

        One that is representative of all of a group or type


        lesson

        A unit of instruction of arbitrary length and size.


        video

        A motion sequence recorded from reality.


        animation

        A motion sequence generated artificially.


        audio

        Sound recording


        graphic

        An illustration or photograph.


        question_ bank

        A collection of questions any one or more of which may be used to populate exams.

        Comment

        AICC added definitions to vocabulary elements. AICC added collection, question, example, lesson, video, animation, audio, graphic, question_bank to the vocabulary.

        Examples

        <aiccLom>

        <educational>

        <interactivityType>

        <source>LOMv1.0</source>

        <value>mixed</value>

        </interactivityType>

        <learningResourceType>

        <source>LOMv1.0</source>

        <value>figure</value>

        </learningResourceType>

        <learningResourceType>

        <source>AICCv1.0</source>

        <value>example</value>

        </learningResourceType>

        <interactivityLevel>

        <source>LOMv1.0</source>

        <value>very low</value>

        </interactivityLevel>



        <intendedEndUserRole>

        <source>LOMv1.0</source>

        <value>learner</value>

        </intendedEndUserRole>

        <difficulty>

        <source>LOMv1.0</source>

        <value>easy</value>

        </difficulty>

        <typicalLearningTime>

        <duration>PT1H30M</duration>

        <description>

        <string language="en">Average length of time to experience the activity.</string>

        </description>

        </typicalLearningTime>

        <language>en-US</language>

        </educational>

        </aiccLom>

      3. Interactivity Level

        Label

        Educational.InteractivityLevel

        LOM Number

        5.3

        Definition

        This element shall define the degree of interactivity between the end user and this resource.

        ---- LOM ----

        The degree of interactivity that characterizes this learning object. Interactivity in this context refers to the degree to which the learner can influence the aspect or behavior

        of the learning object .

        Data Type

        Vocabulary

        Max Number of Occurrences

        1

        Values

        Vocabulary Tokens

        Description


        none

        Simple delivery of information to students. The student acts solely as the receiver of information.


        very low

        Provision of pre-defined links for students to explore. The student makes simple responses to instructional cues.


        low

        Involves computer mediated communication. The student makes a variety of responses using varied techniques in response to instructional cues.


        medium

        Self-contained instructional modules available on WWW. The student makes a variety of responses using varied techniques in response to instructional cues.

        • syllabus, class notes, assignments, etc.

        • allows for material delivery locally or at a distance;

        • all web courses implemented at this level.

        • outside resources related to current topic;

        • simple exploration of outside sites; required instructional activities at specified sites.

        • primarily text-based interaction;

        • on-line interaction between students and instructor;

        • asynchronous communication:

        • use of listservs and newsgroups;

        • synchronous communication

        • internet Relay Chat (IRC)



        high

        Student synthesis and creation of WWW resources; Instructor provides some instruction on HTML tools. The student makes a variety of responses using varied techniques in response to instructional cues.


        very high

        Text-based and visual instructional environments accesible simultaneously by multiple users. The student is directly involved in a life-like set of complex cues and responses.

        Comment

        AICC provided descriptions and added "none" to the LOM vocabulary.

        Note that feedback and interactivity are two different concepts. For example, a free- play simulation could be very interactive, with no instructional feedback.

        Examples

        <aiccLom>

        <educational>

        <interactivityType>

        <source>LOMv1.0</source>

        <value>mixed</value>

        </interactivityType>

        <learningResourceType>

        <source>LOMv1.0</source>

        <value>figure</value>

        </learningResourceType>

        <learningResourceType>

        <source>LOMv1.0</source>

        <value>narrative text</value>

        </learningResourceType>

        <interactivityLevel>

        <source>LOMv1.0</source>

        <value>very low</value>

        </interactivityLevel>

        <intendedEndUserRole>

        <source>LOMv1.0</source>

        <value>learner</value>

        </intendedEndUserRole>

        <difficulty>

        <source>LOMv1.0</source>

        <value>easy</value>

        </difficulty>

        <typicalLearningTime>

        <duration>PT1H30M</duration>

        <description>

        <string language="en">Average length of time to experience the activity.</string>

        </description>

        </typicalLearningTime>

        <language>en-US</language>

        </educational>

        </aiccLom>

        • student creation options:

        • individual representation of course information;

        • location of external course-related resources.

        • expands the level of potential interaction;

        • allows for manipulation of instructional variables;

        • simulations on the web;

        • virtual reality


      4. Semantic Density

        Label

        Educational.InteractivityLevel

        LOM Number

        5.4


        Definition


        Data Type


        Max Number of Occurrences

        1

        Values


        Comment

        Not Used by the AICC.

        Examples


      5. Intended End User Role

        Label

        Educational.IntendedEndUserRole

        LOM Number